A three turn in figure skating is a fundamental maneuver that involves a skater changing direction on the ice while shifting from one edge of the blade to another. The term "three turn" comes from the pattern the skater's blade traces on the ice, which resembles the number "3". Here’s a detailed breakdown of the maneuver:
1. Setup and Entry
- Stance: The skater starts on one foot, typically beginning on an outside edge. For example, if the skater is starting on their right foot, they would be on their right outside edge (RO).
- Body Position: The skater's body should be aligned over the skating foot, with the free leg (the leg not on the ice) extended behind or to the side for balance. Arms are held out to the sides to help with balance and control.
2. The Turn
- Initiating the Turn: To start the three turn, the skater uses their upper body to generate the rotational momentum. This usually involves a slight twist of the shoulders and hips in the direction of the turn.
- Edge Change: As the skater begins to turn, they shift their weight to the ball of the skating foot, allowing the heel to lift slightly. This helps in smoothly transitioning from the outside edge to the inside edge (or vice versa if starting on an inside edge).
- Foot Rotation: The skating foot rotates 180 degrees, with the turn occurring at the point where the heel of the blade lifts and pivots. The free leg moves forward or to the side to maintain balance during the turn.
3. Exit and Alignment
- Completing the Turn: After completing the 180-degree turn, the skater is now gliding backward on the opposite edge. For instance, if the skater started on a right outside edge, they will now be on a right inside edge (RI).
- Body Position: The skater should maintain a strong core and controlled posture. The free leg, which was behind or to the side, will now be extended in front or to the side to help with balance.
- Continuation: The skater can continue to glide backward, or use the momentum from the turn to transition into another maneuver or stroke.
Key Points to Remember
- Balance and Control: Throughout the turn, maintaining balance and control is crucial. The skater must keep their weight centered over the skating foot.
- Edge Quality: Proper edge usage is vital. The skater should ensure they are correctly on the edge before, during, and after the turn.
- Smoothness: The transition between the edges and the turn itself should be smooth and fluid, with no jerky movements.
A well-executed three turn is a fundamental skill that demonstrates a skater's ability to control their edges and body alignment, setting the foundation for more advanced moves and combinations.